Mfundo yoyambira yopangira mawonekedwe a LED mu sitima yapansi panthaka
Mfundo yofunikira yopangira chiwonetsero chazithunzi zapansi panthaka;Monga malo owonetsera zidziwitso zapagulu munjanji yapansi panthaka, zowonetsera zotsogola zamkati zimakhala ndi phindu lambiri komanso malonda.
Pakadali pano, magalimoto apansi panthaka omwe akugwira ntchito ku China nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zowonera zam'nyumba, koma pali ntchito zina zochulukirapo komanso zowonera pa skrini imodzi.Kuti tigwirizane ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira yatsopano yodziwitsira anthu okwera metro, tapanga chophimba chatsopano cha multibus metro LED.
Chophimba chowonetsera sichimangokhala ndi mabasi angapo olumikizirana kunja, komanso kutengera zida za basi imodzi ndi I2C pamapangidwe owongolera amkati.
Pali mitundu iwiri yaZojambula za LEDpanjanji yapansi panthaka: imodzi imayikidwa kunja kwa chonyamulira kuti iwonetse gawo loyendetsa sitimayo, mayendedwe othamanga ndi dzina la siteshoni yamakono, yomwe imagwirizana ndi Chitchaina ndi Chingerezi;Zambiri zautumiki zitha kuwonetsedwanso malinga ndi zosowa zantchito;Mawonekedwe a mawu amatha kukhala osasunthika, kusuntha, kumasulira, mathithi, makanema ojambula ndi zina, ndipo kuchuluka kwa zilembo zomwe zikuwonetsedwa ndi zilembo za matrix 16 × 12 16.China ndi chowonetsera chamkati chamkati cha LED, chomwe chimayikidwa mu sitima.Chowonetsera cha LED chamkati chamkati chimatha kuyikatu kokwerera molingana ndi zofunikira za sitimayi, ndikuwonetsa malo omwe alipo munthawi yeniyeni, komanso kutentha komwe kulipo m'sitimayo, yokhala ndi zilembo 16 × Eight 16 dot matrix.
Kapangidwe kadongosolo
Chowonetsera chowonetsera cha LED chimapangidwa ndi unit single-chip microcomputer control unit ndi chiwonetsero chazithunzi.Chigawo chimodzi chowonetsera chimatha kuwonetsa zilembo za 16 × 16 zaku China.Ngati kukula kwina kwa mawonekedwe azithunzi za LED kumapangidwa, kumatha kuzindikirika pogwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi angapo anzeru komanso njira "yomangira midadada".Kuyankhulana kwa seri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa mayunitsi owonetsera mu dongosolo.Kuphatikiza pa kuwongolera gawo lowonetsera ndikutumiza malangizo ndi ma sign a makompyuta apamwamba, gawo lowongolera limaphatikizidwanso ndi basi imodzi ya digito kutentha sensor 18B20.Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka gawo la dera lowongolera, ngati pali zofunikira pakuyezera chinyezi, 18b20 ikhoza kusinthidwa kukhala gawo la gawo lopangidwa ndi DS2438 kuchokera ku Dallas ndi HIH23610 kuchokera ku HoneywELL.Kuti akwaniritse zosowa zoyankhulirana zagalimoto yonse, basi ya CAN imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana pakati pa kompyuta yapamwamba ndi gawo lililonse lowongolera mgalimoto.
kapangidwe ka hardware
Chiwonetserocho chimapangidwa ndi gulu lowonetsera la LED ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira.Gulu lowonetsera la LED limapangidwa ndi ma module a 4 dot matrix × 64 dot matrix universal intelligent display unit, unit imodzi yowonetsera ikhoza kuwonetsa 4 16 × 16 dot matrix zilembo za Chitchaina kapena zizindikiro.Kuyankhulana kwa seri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pakati pa mayunitsi owonetsera mu dongosolo, kuti ntchito ya dongosolo lonse ikhale yogwirizana komanso yogwirizana.Dera lowonetsera lili ndi ma doko awiri a 16 pin flat cable, madalaivala awiri a 74H245 tristate, 74HC04D imodzi inverter isanu, ma decoder awiri a 74H138 ndi ma 74HC595 ma shift latches.Pakatikati pa gawo lowongolera ndi 77E58 yothamanga kwambiri ya microcontroller ya WINBOND, ndipo ma frequency a crystal ndi 24MHz AT29C020A ndi 256K ROM yosungira 16 × 16 dot matrix laibulale yaku China ndi 16 × 8 dot matrix ASCII code table.AT24C020 ndi EP2ROM yochokera ku I2C serial bus, yomwe imasunga ziganizo zokonzedweratu, monga mayina a siteshoni yapansi panthaka, moni, ndi zina zotero. Kutentha kwa galimoto kumayesedwa ndi sensa imodzi ya kutentha kwa digito 18b20.SJA1000 ndi TJA1040 ndi oyang'anira mabasi a CAN ndi transceiver motsatana.
Mapangidwe a unit control circuit
Dongosolo lonse limatenga microcontroller 77E58 ya Winbond ngati pachimake.77E58 imatenga chigawo chokonzedwanso cha microprocessor, ndipo malangizo ake amagwirizana ndi mndandanda wa 51.Komabe, chifukwa mawotchi amangozungulira 4 okha, kuthamanga kwake nthawi zambiri kumakhala 2 ~ 3 kuwirikiza kawiri kuposa 8051 yanthawi zonse pamawotchi omwewo.Chifukwa chake, zomwe zimafunikira pafupipafupi kwa microcontroller mu chiwonetsero champhamvu cha zilembo zazikulu zaku China zimathetsedwa bwino, ndipo wowonera amaperekedwanso.77E58 imayang'anira kukumbukira kwa flash AT29C020 kudzera pa latch 74LS373, yokhala ndi kukula kwa 256K.Popeza mphamvu ya kukumbukira ndi yaikulu kuposa 64K, mapangidwewo amatengera njira yoyankhulirana paging, ndiye kuti, P1.1 ndi P1.2 amagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha masamba a kukumbukira kwa flash, komwe kumagawidwa m'masamba anayi.Kukula kwa ma adilesi patsamba lililonse ndi 64K.Kuphatikiza pa kusankha tchipisi ta AT29C020, P1.5 imatsimikizira kuti P1.1 ndi P1.2 sizingayambitse kusokoneza kwa AT29C020 zikagwiritsidwanso ntchito pa 16 pin flat cable interface.Woyang'anira CAN ndiye gawo lofunikira pakulumikizana.Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo luso loletsa kusokoneza, 6N137 optocoupler yothamanga kwambiri imawonjezeredwa pakati pa CAN controller SJA1000 ndi CAN transceiver TJA1040.The microcontroller amasankha CAN controller SJA1000 chip kudzera P3.0.18B20 ndi chipangizo chimodzi basi.Zimangofunika doko limodzi la I / O kuti liwoneke pakati pa chipangizocho ndi microcontroller.Ikhoza kutembenuza kutentha kwachindunji kukhala chizindikiro cha digito ndikuchitulutsa mosalekeza mu 9-bit digito code mode.P1.4 imasankhidwa mu gawo lowongolera kuti amalize kusankha kwa chip ndi ntchito zotumizira deta za 18B20.Chingwe cha wotchi SCL ndi bidirectional data cable SDA ya AT24C020 zimalumikizidwa motsatana ndi P1.6 ndi P1.7.16 pin flat wire interfaces za microcontroller, zomwe ndi mawonekedwe a gawo lowongolera ndi mawonekedwe owonetsera.
Kuwonetsa kugwirizana kwa unit ndi control
Chigawo chowonetserako chimalumikizidwa ndi 16 pin flat wire port of the control circuit part through 16 pin flat wire port (1), yomwe imatumiza malangizo ndi deta ya microcontroller ku dera lowonetsera la LED.Waya wa 16 pini lathyathyathya (2) amagwiritsidwa ntchito potulutsa zowonetsera zingapo.Kulumikizana kwake kumakhala kofanana ndi doko la 16 pin flat wire port (1), koma ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti R kumapeto kwake kumalumikizidwa ndi DS kumapeto kwa 74H595 yachisanu ndi chitatu kuchokera kumanzere kupita kumanja mu Chithunzi 2, Pamene kutsika, kudzakhala cholumikizidwa motsatizana ndi doko la 16 lathyathyathya (1) lachiwonetsero chotsatira (monga momwe chikusonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 1).CLK ndi malo opangira mawotchi, STR ndi mzere wa latch terminal, R ndi data terminal, G (GND) ndi LOE ndi kuwala kwa mzere kumathandizira ma terminals, ndipo A, B, C, D ndi mizere yosankha.Ntchito zenizeni za doko lililonse ndi izi: A, B, C, D ndi malo osankha mizere, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kutumiza kwa data kuchokera pakompyuta yapamwamba kupita pamzere womwe wasankhidwa pagawo lowonetsera, ndipo R ndi data. terminal, yomwe imavomereza deta yotumizidwa ndi microcontroller.Mayendedwe ogwirira ntchito a mawonekedwe a LED ali motere: pambuyo poti chizindikiro cha wotchi ya CLK chikalandira deta pa R terminal, dera lowongolera pamanja limapereka m'mphepete mwake, ndipo STR ili pamzere wa data (16 × 4) Pambuyo pofalitsa deta yonse ya 64, kukwera kwa mphuno kumaperekedwa kuti atseke deta;LOE imayikidwa ku 1 ndi microcontroller kuti iwunikire mzere.Chithunzi chojambula cha dera lowonetsera chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 3.
Mapangidwe amtundu
Magalimoto a Metro ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zowonetsera motsogoleredwe m'nyumba molingana ndi momwe zilili, kotero taganizirani mozama izi popanga dera, ndiko kuti, pansi pa chikhalidwe chowonetsetsa kuti ntchito zazikulu ndi zomangamanga zikhale zosasinthika, ma modules enieni akhoza kusinthidwa.Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti dera lowongolera la LED likhale ndi kufalikira kwabwino komanso kosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi module
M'madera otentha ndi mvula kum'mwera, ngakhale pali nthawi zonse kutentha mpweya wofewa m'galimoto, chinyezi ndi chizindikiro chofunika kuti okwera amasamala.Module ya kutentha ndi chinyezi yopangidwa ndi ife ili ndi ntchito yoyezera kutentha ndi chinyezi.Gawo la kutentha ndi gawo la kutentha ndi chinyezi lili ndi mawonekedwe ofanana a socket, onse omwe ndi mabasi amodzi ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi doko la P1.4, choncho ndi bwino kusinthanitsa.HIH3610 ndi sensa itatu yophatikizika yophatikizika ya chinyezi yokhala ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi Honeywell Company.DS2438 ndi chosinthira cha 10 bit A/D chokhala ndi mawonekedwe a basi imodzi.Chipchi chimakhala ndi sensor yotentha kwambiri ya digito, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito polipira kutentha kwa masensa a chinyezi.
485 gawo lokulitsa mabasi
Monga mabasi okhwima komanso otsika mtengo, mabasi 485 ali ndi malo osasinthika m'mafakitale komanso malo amsewu.Chifukwa chake, tapanga gawo lokulitsa mabasi 485, lomwe lingalowe m'malo mwa gawo loyambirira la CAN pakulankhulana kwakunja.Gawoli limagwiritsa ntchito MAXIM's photoelectric isolation MXL1535E ngati transceiver 485.Kuti muwonetsetse kuyenderana, onse MXL1535E ndi SJA1000 amasankhidwa kudzera pa P3.0.Kuphatikiza apo, kudzipatula kwamagetsi kwa 2500VRMS kumaperekedwa pakati pa mbali ya RS2485 ndi controller kapena control logic side through transformer.Dera la TVS diode likuwonjezeredwa ku gawo lotulutsa gawo kuti muchepetse kusokoneza kwa mzere.Zodumphira zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kusankha ngati angakweze kukana kwamabasi.
Mapangidwe a mapulogalamu
Pulogalamu yamakina imapangidwa ndi pulogalamu yapamwamba yoyang'anira makompyuta ndi pulogalamu yowongolera ma unit controller.Pulogalamu yapamwamba yoyang'anira makompyuta imapangidwa pa Windows22000 pulatifomu yogwiritsa ntchito C++BUILD6.0, kuphatikiza kusankha mawonekedwe (kuphatikiza static, flashing, scrolling, typing, etc.), kusankha kolowera (kuphatikiza mmwamba ndi pansi kupukusa ndi kumanzere ndi kusuntha kumanja), kusintha liwiro la mawonekedwe (mwachitsanzo, kung'anima kwa mawu, kuthamanga kwa scrolling, kuthamanga kwa mawonekedwe, ndi zina zotero), kuwonetsa zolowetsamo, chiwonetsero chazithunzi, ndi zina zambiri.
Dongosololi likamayendetsedwa, makinawo sangangowonetsa zilembo monga kulengeza kwa station ndi kutsatsa malinga ndi zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale, komanso kulowetsa pamanja zilembo zomwe zimafunikira.Mapulogalamu owongolera a unit controller amapangidwa ndi KEILC ya 8051 ndikukhazikika mu EEPROM ya single chip computer 77E58.Imamaliza kulankhulana pakati pa makompyuta apamwamba ndi otsika, kupeza deta ya kutentha ndi chinyezi, kulamulira kwa mawonekedwe a I / O ndi ntchito zina.Pa ntchito yeniyeni, kutentha kuyeza kulondola kumafika ± 0.5 ℃ ndi kuyeza kwa chinyezi kumafika ± 2% RH.
Mapeto
Pepalali likuwonetsa malingaliro apangidwe a subway m'nyumba zowonetsera za LED kuchokera kuzinthu zamapangidwe kachipangizo kachipangizo ka Hardware, kapangidwe ka logic, mawonekedwe a block block, ndi zina zambiri. zimagwirizana ndi zofunikira zamadera osiyanasiyana, ndipo zimakhala zabwino komanso zosinthika.Pambuyo pa mayeso ambiri, chinsalu choyang'ana m'nyumba chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito munjira yatsopano yodziwitsa anthu za metro yakunyumba, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zabwino.Mchitidwewu umatsimikizira kuti chinsalu chowonetsera chimatha kumaliza mawonekedwe osasunthika a zilembo zaku China ndi zithunzi ndi mawonedwe osiyanasiyana osinthika, ndipo chimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owala kwambiri, osasunthika, kuwongolera kosavuta, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zowonetsera zamagalimoto apansi panthaka. zaZojambula za LED.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-16-2022